HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, which means that virus destroys persons immune system and leaves the organism unprotected. Virus contains double RNA gene, and uses the enzymes to converts its RNA to DNA than it incorporates itself into the gene of the host and that’s when it becomes a provirus.

We can divide HIV Infection in four stages, first stage is primary infection, second stage is clinic asymptomatic, third stage is symptomatic HIV Infection and the last stage is progression from HIV to AIDS.

In Primary Infection most of the infected people do not have any major symptoms of the disease for some period of time. Some people have flu like symptoms not long after they’re infected, and the symptoms can include headaches, mouth sores, diarrhea, stomach aches, fever and swollen lymph nodes.

Around 20 percent of all people infected with HIV virus at this stage also called a seroconversion have these more serious symptoms. During this stage a big amount of virus is circulating through the bloodstream and the body starts to produce the antibodies, although tests for HIV are still negative. Amount of antibodies which tests can detect will be produced in three months.

Only for this reason a negative test should be repeated in three months just to be sure.

It is very often that in asymptomatic stage infected people do not show any damage of the immune system, and that is not the indicator that the immune system is not really damaged. The level of the virus in blood can go very low which does not mean that the person is not infected and the antibodies will be present in the blood stream.

Recent research in that field showed that HIV virus in not resting, but it is very active in lymph nodes. At this stage lot of the Cd4 cells are infected and are dying producing a virus in large amounts, which can be shown by measuring levels of the Cd4 cells, and measurement of the HIV virus in the bloodstream.

Slowly with time body gets into the symptomatic stage and its immune system is starting to lose a battle to other opportunistic diseases and infections, and it transits the body into this third stage.

These opportunistic diseases and infections come from many bacteria and viruses which surround us on the daily basis, and there are so many of them that they are impossible to count.

At this time individuals that are infected are starting to feel weak and the body is prone to infections because of the damaged immune system that can no longer defend the organism.

The main reason this happens is that HIV virus mutates and becomes different from the virus that entered the body which results in destruction of the new Cd4 cell that body cannot replace. The period when person gets infected until body gets into symptomatic stage varies from person to person and it depends on many factors.

When the immune system get weaker and weaker and many infections get more often person is diagnosed with AIDS.

In Great Britain person gets diagnosed with aids when it develops one or more opportunistic infections, diseases.

Some people can just feel weak due to the reason that they are HIV positive, and they still cannot be diagnosed with AIDS.

The definition of the AIDS changed many times through time, and that means that right now in Europe and Great Britain persona will be diagnosed if they develop pulmonary tuberculosis, cervical cancer or a returned pneumonia.

In United States person will be diagnosed with AIDS if their level of Cd4 cells is lower than 200.